PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.